Lead is a heavy metal with the atomic number 82 on the periodic table. It has been used by humans for thousands of years due to its malleability, low melting point, and resistance to corrosion. However, its toxicity has led to significant restrictions on its use in many applications. Current Uses: Despite its toxicity, lead is still used in some applications where its unique properties are difficult to replace. These include lead-acid batteries (commonly used in vehicles), radiation shielding, and some specialized alloys.